Health | NOW Grenada

CARPHA: Take action to reduce spread of mosquito borne diseases

“With the start of the hurricane season, CARPHA is urging its Member States to strengthen integrated vector management strategies in their communities”

1 year 4 months ago

Environment, Health, PRESS RELEASE, aedes aegypti, caribbean public health agency, carpha, chikungunya, deet, dengue, ir3535, lemon eucalyptus, lisa indar, mosquito, rajesh ragoo, zika

Health Archives - Barbados Today

QEH laboratory staff stage walkout over ‘health hazards’

Staff at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital laboratory staged a walkout on Friday in protest against severe health hazards in their working environment.

The action follows years of complaints about perilous and unacceptable conditions that have persisted despite repeated appeals for improvement.

Staff at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital laboratory staged a walkout on Friday in protest against severe health hazards in their working environment.

The action follows years of complaints about perilous and unacceptable conditions that have persisted despite repeated appeals for improvement.

“The laboratory staff has been extremely patient and long-suffering,” Deputy General Secretary of the National Union of Public Workers (NUPW)

Wayne Walrond told Barbados TODAY. “For several years, the staff . . . have been plagued with environmental problems.”

He said these issues have led to serious health complications among the staff, including acute respiratory ailments.

“Some workers would have experienced coughing with blood, and workers have been extremely distressed by the discomfort caused by the presence of mould,” the union official disclosed.

The QEH laboratory is not just an ageing facility but one that has become increasingly unfit for purpose, Walrond declared.

While management has made attempts to address the situation through interim measures such as cleaning, these efforts have proven insufficient. “The cleaning will have to be even more frequent if staff are to continue to function in the interim,” he stressed.

Walrond has called for the fast-tracking of a new facility, a project that has been in discussion for several years but has yet to materialise.

“It’s a matter of the situation with the lab and having to have proper accommodation,” he stated. “This must be dealt with as a matter of urgency.”

The NUPW official emphasised that the current state of the laboratory is untenable, and it is critical for the health and safety of the staff that a new, suitable facility be built as soon as possible.

A meeting with QEH management has been scheduled to discuss the matter further.

“The union will lend support to staff in any representation that would be required and will make itself available for the meeting,” Walrond said.

He pointed out that the issues faced by the QEH laboratory are part of a larger problem affecting many buildings, both old and new, across the island. Walrond called for a comprehensive discussion with various stakeholders, including builders, environmentalists, health professionals, and labour representatives, to focus on the design and construction of buildings in Barbados.

The NUPW deputy general secretary further called for a more proactive approach to safety and health.

Walrond stressed the need for comprehensive safety and health policies across both the public and private sectors and advocated for safety and health practices to be integrated into personal lives.

“Safety and health are our business on the job and off the job,” he said, urging a more holistic approach to living a safe and healthy life.

The post QEH laboratory staff stage walkout over ‘health hazards’ appeared first on Barbados Today.

1 year 4 months ago

Health, Health Care, Local News

News Archives - Healthy Caribbean Coalition

Are We Hitting Healthy Food Policies for a Six?

It’s June 2024 and the Caribbean region is bustling with excitement. The 4th International Conference on Small Island Developing States recently concluded, with Caribbean Community (CARICOM) leaders and other Small Island Developing States (SIDS) policymakers determined to collaborate on a future of resilience and sustainability.

It’s June 2024 and the Caribbean region is bustling with excitement. The 4th International Conference on Small Island Developing States recently concluded, with Caribbean Community (CARICOM) leaders and other Small Island Developing States (SIDS) policymakers determined to collaborate on a future of resilience and sustainability. The ICC Men’s T20 World Cup tournament is also captivating audiences across the region. It’s fascinating how these high-profile events generate such a flurry of activity, yet significant initiatives that are central to regional development often slip under the radar.

Take, for instance, the crucial issue of the implementation of octagonal front-of-package warning labelling (FOPWL) across CARICOM. Octagonal FOPWL helps consumers quickly, easily and correctly identify food products high in sugar, fat and sodium. These products, when consumed in excess, can lead to diet-related conditions like non-communicable diseases (NCDs).

Octagonal FOPWL – a system that involves easy-to-understand ‘black stop signs’ on the front of packaged products – was rejected by the majority of CARICOM Member States. Youth health advocates across the region are asking, why?

The Caribbean has one of the highest rates of NCDs and childhood obesity in the Americas. Octagonal FOPWL is among a suite of policies proven to reduce NCDs. It is backed by growing regional and international evidence, free of conflict of interest.

By identifying products high in sugar, fat and sodium, octagonal FOPWL supports other policies, like school nutrition policies and marketing restrictions, aimed at comprehensively shaping healthier food environments. Research conducted by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the University of West Indies suggests that if octagonal FOPWL was implemented in Barbados, it would avert 16% of the deaths caused by NCDs and save the country USD 732.8 million annually.

Despite the robust evidence in support of octagonal FOPWL, and its wide implementation across the  Americas, most countries across CARICOM voted against it twice – once in 2021 and again in 2023. This vote is also misaligned with the Caribbean Public Health Agency’s (CARPHA) 6-Point Policy Package and the Bridgetown Declaration on NCDs and Mental Health which SIDS leaders agreed to at the 3rd SIDS Summit held last year in Bridgetown, Barbados.  Interestingly, the theme for this year’s SIDS 4 Conference was “Charting the Course Toward Resilient Prosperity”. CARICOM leaders participated in a conference on resilience, yet, regional decisions that prioritise health – the cornerstone of a resilient population – have not prevailed?  Is the region’s health, not the region’s wealth?

Denying the region this tool, is a strike against human rights – the right to adequate nutritious food, the right to information about food, the right to benefit from scientific progress/research and ultimately the right to health.

As youth advocates, we became aware of the rejection in March 2024 and it leaves us gravely concerned about the region’s commitment to health especially given CARICOM Heads of Government’s previous commitments to support healthy food environments through a number of policies including front of package labelling.

Let’s delve in: What are our major concerns with the process used to determine this final decision on octagonal front-of-package warning labelling?

Lack of Meaningful Consultation with the general public  – It is critical for issues regarding the public’s welfare to be supported by balanced public consultation. Unfortunately, there was little to no consultation with the general public on the issue. In instances where there was a consultation, industry actors were prominent voices in the room. Did you as a citizen of a CARICOM member state know that the region was determining whether or not you would benefit from the introduction of octagonal FOPWL? Likely not. Where was the ‘public’ in this matter regarding ‘public’ health?

Lack of Transparency about…almost everything- Was the composition of decision-making parties and potential conflicts of interest documented and made publicly available? Were the procedures for stakeholder consultation (including submission of comments) and the protocols for voting clearly documented and made publicly available? No. Have all the decisions that led to this current vote been publicised? Unfortunately not.

Fitting a Square Peg into a Round hole – The regional standards process is by its nature governed by trade and begs the question – does a public health measure which seeks to empower citizens to transition away from the purchase and consumption of unhealthy foods really stand a chance when those who determine its fate are inclined to prioritise economic interests over health interests?

And so, we reflect:

The recurring inability to reach a harmonised consensus on the adoption and implementation of octagonal FOPWL across CARICOM Member States, points to a prioritisation of profit over health. The flawed consultative and voting processes on this standard in 2021 and 2023 reveal a deeply rooted and pervasive industry influence often occurring behind closed doors. As a region, heavily reliant on trade and exports for economic development, it is unsurprising that some private sector actors remain a dominant voice advocating against the simple black octagonal warning label as the regional standard while pushing for alternative models which are known to be less effective and confusing to consumers.

The industry emphasises the potential costs involved in implementing the octagonal FOPWL, however the long-term health benefits and associated costs in the hundreds of millions annually far outweigh any expenses incurred. Concerns about significant costs and technical barriers to product reformulation are also overstated. Manufacturers are constantly adapting to meet requirements of external markets. Moreover, warning labels may ultimately enhance the reputation of the food industry by promoting healthier options.

The array of concerns and proposed solutions related to the process used to determine the decision on octagonal FOPWL in CARICOM are detailed in the “Public Health Decision-Making in CARICOM- Strengthening the Front-of-Package Nutrition Labelling Standardisation Programme”. This resource was produced by the Global Center for Legal Innovation on Food Environments at the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University in Washington D.C., the Law and Health Research Unit at the University of the West Indies and Healthy Caribbean Coalition (HCC).

As we move forward, what do we want to see?

First and foremost – a strengthening of governance of the process with an urgent implementation of transparency and accountability measures to address the challenges outlined. The “Public Health Decision-Making in CARICOM- Strengthening the Front-of-Package Nutrition Labelling Standardisation Programme”, provides a series of recommendations that should be reviewed at the highest levels of decision making in CARICOM to address these decision making processes.

Secondly – a truly participatory process in developing future public health guidelines, taking into consideration potential conflicts of interests, on these, and similar policies that impact the general public. The public should have a say in public health.

What can you do?

  1. Reach out to your local Bureau of Standards to update you on the status of octagonal FOPWL in your country.
  2. Check out the new report, “Public Health Decision-Making in CARICOM- Strengthening the Front-of-Package Nutrition Labelling Standardisation Programme”, This report seeks to inform the strengthening of public health decision-making in CARICOM by analysing the FOPWL standardisation programme led by Caribbean Regional Organization for Standard and Quality (CROSQ).
  3. Stay abreast of local education campaigns that provide information on what is currently contained in foods, and more generally review your local food based dietary guideline for guidance on a healthy, balanced meal.
  4. Push for your right to information about what foods you are buying and consuming. Purchase packaged foods that have a nutrition facts label affixed (often found on the back of packages) since this is the only way that we can be aware of what is actually in the foods that we are purchasing.
  5. Hold our governments accountable by calling out alliances with companies that continue to manufacture and distribute ultra processed products. These alliances can promote the stance of profit over people. Lobby for the implementation of conflict of interest policies to increase transparency and safeguard policymaking.

As the SIDS meeting and T20 cricket buzz fades, we as youth health advocates wonder how our CARICOM Leaders will create a lasting impact on the health of our region? How will they refocus on health and stay true to long standing commitments made to implement policies and programmes – like octagonal front-of-package warning labels – to not only treat but prevent non-communicable diseases? Are we hitting healthy food policies for a Six?

Simone Bishop-Matthews, Shay Stabler-Morris, Simeca Alexander Williamson, Danielle Walwyn, Michele Baker, Kerrie Barker, Kimberley Benjamin, Rozette Scotland and Mahalia Wilson are members of Healthy Caribbean Youth.

Healthy Caribbean Youth (HCY), the youth arm of the Healthy Caribbean Coalition, is a regional group of young health advocates with various backgrounds who are passionate about promoting good health and supportive environments for children and youth.

Are you a young person interested in advocating for a healthier Caribbean? Are you between the ages of 15-35? Consider joining the youth arm of the Healthy Caribbean Coalition by emailing hcy@healthycaribbean.org.

The post Are We Hitting Healthy Food Policies for a Six? appeared first on Healthy Caribbean Coalition.

1 year 4 months ago

Healthy Caribbean Youth, News, Slider

STAT

STAT+: AbbVie dramatically outspent its pharma company rivals in 2023 to promote its drugs to doctors

WASHINGTON — Pharmaceutical giant AbbVie paid health care providers roughly $145.7 million last year to promote its drugs, according to a STAT analysis of newly released government data.

The massive sum spent by AbbVie, the maker of the mega blockbuster anti-inflammatory drug Humira, is the most a pharmaceutical company has spent on marketing to doctors since such data became available in 2017. The figure includes compensation for consulting and other services like speaking fees, lodging and travel for doctors, and meals, as well as a small number of payments made directly to hospitals.

The payments, made public by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, provide an insight into AbbVie’s marketing in the immediate aftermath of the company losing its monopoly on Humira, which dominated the company’s balance sheets for the better part of the last two decades. The payments show that the company is being far more aggressive in targeting doctors than competitors of comparable size.

Continue to STAT+ to read the full story…

1 year 4 months ago

Exclusive, Pharma, AbbVie, Pharmaceuticals, physicians, STAT+

Health | NOW Grenada

Health facilities damaged in Carriacou and Petite Martinique

“During a press briefing at the National Disaster Management Agency on Wednesday evening, Dr Charles said the priority is assisting patients with emergency needs”

1 year 4 months ago

Carriacou & Petite Martinique, Health, PRESS RELEASE, hillsborough health centre, hurricane beryl, nadma, national disaster management agency, princess royal hospital, shawn charles

Health – Dominican Today

CEDIMAT becomes first certified stroke center in Santo Domingo

Santo Domingo.- The Centers for Diagnostics and Advanced Medicine and Medical Conferences and Telemedicine (CEDIMAT) has become the first hospital in Santo Domingo to receive the prestigious Stroke Centers of Latin America certification from the WSO/SIECV.

Santo Domingo.- The Centers for Diagnostics and Advanced Medicine and Medical Conferences and Telemedicine (CEDIMAT) has become the first hospital in Santo Domingo to receive the prestigious Stroke Centers of Latin America certification from the WSO/SIECV.

This certification verifies that CEDIMAT adheres to international standards for managing and caring for patients with vascular events, as explained by Drs. Francisco Méndez, emergency manager, and Luis Eduardo Suazo, neurosurgeon and coordinator of the Neurosurgery service and stroke unit at CEDIMAT.

CEDIMAT was the pioneer in applying thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy treatments for patients with ischemic vascular conditions, crucial interventions that can be life-saving. This certification places CEDIMAT at the top of the quality scale, ensuring superior care for stroke patients compared to 90% of other countries. Thrombolysis, effective within the first 4 to 5 hours of an ischemic event, and thrombectomy, which can reverse mobility loss within the first 24 hours, are key treatments provided by the trained emergency staff at CEDIMAT.

The certification was granted after a thorough evaluation by the Certification Program of the Stroke Centers of Latin America and the Caribbean, involving representatives from the World Stroke Organization, the Ibero-American Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Certification Program Coordinator, and local delegations.

1 year 4 months ago

Health

Medical News, Health News Latest, Medical News Today - Medical Dialogues |

London HC decision fuels continued legal battle between Pfizer, Moderna over COVID vaccine patents

London: Pfizer and Moderna's legal dispute over their competing COVID-19 vaccines is poised to persist following a mixed ruling from London's High Court regarding two of Moderna's patents, likely prompting a flurry of appeals in the London leg of the litigation. 

In September 2022, Pfizer and its German partner BioNTech initiated legal action against Moderna, seeking the invalidation of two patents held by Moderna. In response, Moderna swiftly countered, alleging infringement of its patents just days later.

The competing lawsuits over the companies' two vaccines, which helped save millions of lives and made the companies billions of dollars, are just one strand of ongoing litigation around the world focusing on messenger RNA (mRNA) technology.Moderna had argued Pfizer and BioNTech copied mRNA advances it had pioneered and patented well before the COVID-19 pandemic began in late 2019.U.S.-based Moderna was seeking damages for alleged infringement of its patents by Pfizer and BioNTech's Comirnaty shot on sales since March 2022.Pfizer made $11.2 billion in sales from Comirnaty last year, while Moderna earned $6.7 billion from its vaccine Spikevax, illustrating the potentially huge sums at stake.Pfizer and BioNTech, however, asked the High Court to revoke Moderna's patents, arguing that Moderna's developments of mRNA technology were obvious improvements on previous work.According to Reuters, the High Court ruled on Tuesday that one of Moderna's two patents relating to mRNA technology was invalid, but that another similar patent was valid and that Pfizer and BioNTech's Comirnaty vaccine had infringed it.LIKELY APPEALSAll three companies said they disagreed with the parts of the court's decision on which they lost, and it is expected that all parties will seek permission to appeal.Pfizer and BioNTech said in a statement: "These proceedings have no bearing on the safety and efficacy profile of our vaccine, as established by regulators worldwide."Irrespective of the outcome of this legal matter, we will continue to manufacture and supply the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in line with our agreements and established supply schedules."A spokesperson for Moderna said the company was pleased the court "recognized the innovation of Moderna scientists by confirming the validity and infringement" of one of its patents.Pfizer, BioNTech and Moderna are also involved in parallel proceedings in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and the United States, much of which has been put on hold, as well as at the European Patent Office.The London ruling comes at a time of financial strain for Moderna, whose shares have plummeted by more than 70% since the peak of the pandemic as demand and sales for Spikevax have fallen. Shares of Pfizer, meanwhile, are down about 29% since mid-2021.Read also: COVID vaccine: Moderna wins patent case in Europe against Pfizer, BioNTech

1 year 4 months ago

News,Industry,Pharma News,Latest Industry News

STAT

STAT+: New federal rule proposed to protect 36 million workers from extreme heat

WASHINGTON — President Joe Biden on Tuesday proposed a new rule to address excessive heat in the workplace, warning — as tens of millions of people in the U.S.

WASHINGTON — President Joe Biden on Tuesday proposed a new rule to address excessive heat in the workplace, warning — as tens of millions of people in the U.S. are under heat advisories — that high temperatures are the country’s leading weather-related killer.

If finalized, the measure would protect an estimated 36 million U.S. workers from injuries related to heat exposure on the job — establishing the first major federal safety standard of its kind. Those affected by excessive heat in the workplace include farmworkers, delivery and construction workers, landscapers and indoor workers in warehouses, factories and kitchens.

Biden highlighted the proposed rule as one of five steps his Democratic administration is taking to address extreme weather as Hurricane Beryl is already ripping through the Caribbean in an ominous sign for the summer.

Continue to STAT+ to read the full story…

1 year 4 months ago

Politics, climate change

PAHO/WHO | Pan American Health Organization

PAHO supports emergency response following flooding in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

PAHO supports emergency response following flooding in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Cristina Mitchell

3 Jul 2024

PAHO supports emergency response following flooding in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Cristina Mitchell

3 Jul 2024

1 year 4 months ago

STAT

As bird flu spreads among U.S. cattle, veterinarians find themselves in a familiar position: the frontlines

When, in April, the federal government began requiring some cows to be tested for a strain of avian flu before their herds could be moved across state lines, it seemed like an obvious step to try to track and slow the virus that had started spreading among U.S. dairy cattle.

When, in April, the federal government began requiring some cows to be tested for a strain of avian flu before their herds could be moved across state lines, it seemed like an obvious step to try to track and slow the virus that had started spreading among U.S. dairy cattle.

But Joe Armstrong, a veterinarian at the University of Minnesota extension school, feared the U.S. Department of Agriculture rule could lead to potential problems for his colleagues, who were in effect being deputized to implement it.

Read the rest…

1 year 4 months ago

Health, H5N1 Bird Flu, infectious disease, Public Health

Health

Hurricane preparedness tips for seniors

AS HURRICANE Beryl nears Jamaica, it is essential for everyone, especially our senior citizens, to be well prepared. The effects of a hurricane can be devastating, but with careful planning and preparation, you can ensure your safety and well-being...

AS HURRICANE Beryl nears Jamaica, it is essential for everyone, especially our senior citizens, to be well prepared. The effects of a hurricane can be devastating, but with careful planning and preparation, you can ensure your safety and well-being...

1 year 4 months ago

Health

The importance of self-care

SELF-CARE DOES not have to cost anything. It is just doing things you enjoy and many of the things we enjoy or feel fulfilled from cost nothing. Stepping outside and taking a deep breath, for example, might be the greatest act of self-care. Even if...

SELF-CARE DOES not have to cost anything. It is just doing things you enjoy and many of the things we enjoy or feel fulfilled from cost nothing. Stepping outside and taking a deep breath, for example, might be the greatest act of self-care. Even if...

1 year 4 months ago

Health

Breaking stereotypes in self-care

SELF-CARE IS not synonymous with self-indulgence or being selfish. Self-care means taking care of yourself so that you can be healthy, you can be well, you can do your job, you can help and care for others, and you can do all the things you need to...

SELF-CARE IS not synonymous with self-indulgence or being selfish. Self-care means taking care of yourself so that you can be healthy, you can be well, you can do your job, you can help and care for others, and you can do all the things you need to...

1 year 4 months ago

Health Archives - Barbados Today

All services resume at QEH

All services have resumed at the island’s public hospital following the passage of Hurricane Beryl yesterday.

Corporate Communications Specialist at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Shane Sealy told Barbados TODAY that operations had resumed as usual yesterday evening as there had been “very, very minor damage” at the Martindales Road facility and most had already been addressed.

“Once the national shutdown was discontinued and the all-clear was given, we resumed normal services and visiting hours from six o’clock. Meanwhile, our clinics will open as normal (today) as well as our pharmacies,” he said.

Sealy also advised those patients whose surgeries or appointments were postponed due to the passage of the weather system to contact the hospital’s Patient Advice and Liaison Service at 536-4800 to be rescheduled.

“We are getting things back on track and we want them to reach out to us so we could let them know what to do,” he added.

The post All services resume at QEH appeared first on Barbados Today.

1 year 4 months ago

Health, Local News, News

PAHO/WHO | Pan American Health Organization

WHO releases first-ever clinical treatment guideline for tobacco cessation in adults

WHO releases first-ever clinical treatment guideline for tobacco cessation in adults

Cristina Mitchell

2 Jul 2024

WHO releases first-ever clinical treatment guideline for tobacco cessation in adults

Cristina Mitchell

2 Jul 2024

1 year 4 months ago

KFF Health News

Pain Doesn’t Belong on a Scale of Zero to 10

Over the past two years, a simple but baffling request has preceded most of my encounters with medical professionals: “Rate your pain on a scale of zero to 10.”

I trained as a physician and have asked patients the very same question thousands of times, so I think hard about how to quantify the sum of the sore hips, the prickly thighs, and the numbing, itchy pain near my left shoulder blade. I pause and then, mostly arbitrarily, choose a number. “Three or four?” I venture, knowing the real answer is long, complicated, and not measurable in this one-dimensional way.

Pain is a squirrely thing. It’s sometimes burning, sometimes drilling, sometimes a deep-in-the-muscles clenching ache. Mine can depend on my mood or how much attention I afford it and can recede nearly entirely if I’m engrossed in a film or a task. Pain can also be disabling enough to cancel vacations, or so overwhelming that it leads people to opioid addiction. Even 10+ pain can be bearable when it’s endured for good reason, like giving birth to a child. But what’s the purpose of the pains I have now, the lingering effects of a head injury?

The concept of reducing these shades of pain to a single number dates to the 1970s. But the zero-to-10 scale is ubiquitous today because of what was called a “pain revolution” in the ’90s, when intense new attention to addressing pain — primarily with opioids — was framed as progress. Doctors today have a fuller understanding of treating pain, as well as the terrible consequences of prescribing opioids so readily. What they are learning only now is how to better measure pain and treat its many forms.

About 30 years ago, physicians who championed the use of opioids gave robust new life to what had been a niche specialty: pain management. They started pushing the idea that pain should be measured at every appointment as a “fifth vital sign.” The American Pain Society went as far as copyrighting the phrase. But unlike the other vital signs — blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, and breathing rate — pain had no objective scale. How to measure the unmeasurable? The society encouraged doctors and nurses to use the zero-to-10 rating system. Around that time, the FDA approved OxyContin, a slow-release opioid painkiller made by Purdue Pharma. The drugmaker itself encouraged doctors to routinely record and treat pain, and aggressively marketed opioids as an obvious solution.

To be fair, in an era when pain was too often ignored or undertreated, the zero-to-10 rating system could be regarded as an advance. Morphine pumps were not available for those cancer patients I saw in the ’80s, even those in agonizing pain from cancer in their bones; doctors regarded pain as an inevitable part of disease. In the emergency room where I practiced in the early ’90s, prescribing even a few opioid pills was a hassle: It required asking the head nurse to unlock a special prescription pad and making a copy for the state agency that tracked prescribing patterns. Regulators (rightly) worried that handing out narcotics would lead to addiction. As a result, some patients in need of relief likely went without.

After pain doctors and opioid manufacturers campaigned for broader use of opioids — claiming that newer forms were not addictive, or much less so than previous incarnations — prescribing the drugs became far easier and were promoted for all kinds of pain, whether from knee arthritis or back problems. As a young doctor joining the “pain revolution,” I probably asked patients thousands of times to rate their pain on a scale of zero to 10 and wrote many scripts each week for pain medication, as monitoring “the fifth vital sign” quickly became routine in the medical system. In time, a zero-to-10 pain measurement became a necessary box to fill in electronic medical records. The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations made regularly assessing pain a prerequisite for medical centers receiving federal health care dollars. Medical groups added treatment of pain to their list of patient rights, and satisfaction with pain treatment became a component of post-visit patient surveys. (A poor showing could mean lower reimbursement from some insurers.)

But this approach to pain management had clear drawbacks. Studies accumulated showing that measuring patients’ pain didn’t result in better pain control. Doctors showed little interest in or didn’t know how to respond to the recorded answer. And patients’ satisfaction with their doctors’ discussion of pain didn’t necessarily mean they got adequate treatment. At the same time, the drugs were fueling the growing opioid epidemic. Research showed that an estimated 3% to 19% of people who received a prescription for pain medication from a doctor developed an addiction.

Doctors who wanted to treat pain had few other options, though. “We had a good sense that these drugs weren’t the only way to manage pain,” Linda Porter, director of the National Institutes of Health’s Office of Pain Policy and Planning, told me. “But we didn’t have a good understanding of the complexity or alternatives.” The enthusiasm for narcotics left many varietals of pain underexplored and undertreated for years. Only in 2018, a year when nearly 50,000 Americans died of an overdose, did Congress start funding a program — the Early Phase Pain Investigation Clinical Network, or EPPIC-Net — designed to explore types of pain and find better solutions. The network connects specialists at 12 academic specialized clinical centers and is meant to jump-start new research in the field and find bespoke solutions for different kinds of pain.

A zero-to-10 scale may make sense in certain situations, such as when a nurse uses it to adjust a medication dose for a patient hospitalized after surgery or an accident. And researchers and pain specialists have tried to create better rating tools — dozens, in fact, none of which was adequate to capture pain’s complexity, a European panel of experts concluded. The Veterans Health Administration, for instance, created one that had supplemental questions and visual prompts: A rating of 5 correlated with a frown and a pain level that “interrupts some activities.” The survey took much longer to administer and produced results that were no better than the zero-to-10 system. By the 2010s, many medical organizations, including the American Medical Association and the American Academy of Family Physicians, were rejecting not just the zero-to-10 scale but the entire notion that pain could be meaningfully self-reported numerically by a patient.

In the years that opioids had dominated pain remedies, a few drugs — such as gabapentin and pregabalin for neuropathy, and lidocaine patches and creams for musculoskeletal aches — had become available. “There was a growing awareness of the incredible complexity of pain — that you would have to find the right drugs for the right patients,” Rebecca Hommer, EPPIC-Net’s interim director, told me. Researchers are now looking for biomarkers associated with different kinds of pain so that drug studies can use more objective measures to assess the medications’ effect. A better understanding of the neural pathways and neurotransmitters that create different types of pain could also help researchers design drugs to interrupt and tame them.

Any treatments that come out of this research are unlikely to be blockbusters like opioids; by design, they will be useful to fewer people. That also makes them less appealing prospects to drug companies. So EPPIC-Net is helping small drug companies, academics, and even individual doctors design and conduct early-stage trials to test the safety and efficacy of promising pain-taming molecules. That information will be handed over to drug manufacturers for late-stage trials, all with the aim of getting new drugs approved by the FDA more quickly.

The first EPPIC-Net trials are just getting underway. Finding better treatments will be no easy task, because the nervous system is a largely unexplored universe of molecules, cells, and electronic connections that interact in countless ways. The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine went to scientists who discovered the mechanisms that allow us to feel the most basic sensations: cold and hot. In comparison, pain is a hydra. A simple number might feel definitive. But it’s not helping anyone make the pain go away.

KFF Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF—an independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about KFF.

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1 year 4 months ago

Health Care Reform, Health Industry, Opioids

KFF Health News

El dolor ya no se puede medir en una escala de cero a 10

En los últimos dos años, una solicitud simple pero desconcertante ha precedido la mayoría de mis encuentros con profesionales médicos: “Califique su dolor en una escala del cero al 10”.

Me formé como médica y he hecho esta misma pregunta a los pacientes miles de veces, así que pienso mucho en cómo cuantificar la suma de caderas doloridas, muslos punzantes y el dolor adormecedor cerca de mi omóplato izquierdo. Hago una pausa y luego, generalmente de manera arbitraria, elijo un número. “¿Tres o cuatro?”, aventuro, sabiendo que la respuesta real es larga, complicada e imposible de medir de esta manera unidimensional.

El dolor es algo escurridizo. A veces es ardiente, a veces perforante, a veces oprime profundo en los músculos. El mío puede depender de mi estado de ánimo o de cuánto le preste atención, y puede “desaparecer” casi por completo si estoy concentrada en una película o tarea.

El dolor también puede ser lo suficientemente incapacitante como para cancelar vacaciones, o tan abrumador que vuelve a las personas adictas a los opioides. Incluso el dolor de 10+ puede ser soportable cuando se tolera por una buena razón, como dar a luz.

Pero, ¿cuál es el propósito de los dolores que tengo ahora, efectos persistentes de una lesión en la cabeza?

El concepto de reducir estos matices del dolor a un solo número data de la década de 1970. Pero hoy en día la escala del cero a 10 parece vetusta debido a lo que se llamó una “revolución del dolor” en los años 90, cuando la nueva forma de abordar el dolor —principalmente con opioides— se presentó como un progreso.

Los médicos de hoy tienen una comprensión más completa del tratamiento del dolor, así como de las terribles consecuencias de recetar opioides con liviandad. Lo que están aprendiendo ahora es cómo medir mejor el dolor y tratar sus muchas formas.

Hace unos 30 años, los médicos que defendían el uso de opioides dieron nueva vida a lo que había sido hasta el momento una especialidad marginal: la gestión del dolor. Comenzaron a promover la idea de que el dolor debería medirse en cada cita como un “quinto signo vital”. La Sociedad Americana del Dolor llegó a registrar la frase. Pero a diferencia de los otros signos vitales —presión arterial, temperatura, frecuencia cardíaca y frecuencia respiratoria— el dolor no tenía una escala objetiva.

¿Cómo medir lo inmensurable?

La sociedad alentó a los médicos y enfermeras a usar el sistema de calificación de cero a 10. Alrededor de esa época, la Administración de Drogas y Alimentos (FDA) aprobó OxyContin, un analgésico opioide de liberación lenta fabricado por Purdue Pharma.

El propio fabricante de medicamentos instó a los médicos a registrar y tratar el dolor de manera rutinaria, y promovió agresivamente los opioides como una solución obvia. Para ser justos, en una época en la que el dolor a menudo se ignoraba o se trataba de manera insuficiente, el sistema de calificación de cero a 10 podría considerarse un avance.

Las bombas de morfina no estaban disponibles para aquellos pacientes con cáncer que vi en los años 80, incluso aquellos con un dolor agonizante por cáncer en los huesos; los médicos consideraban el dolor como una parte inevitable de la enfermedad. En la sala de emergencias donde trabajé a principios de los 90, recetar incluso unas pocas píldoras de opioides era un inconveniente: requería pedirle a la enfermera jefe que desbloqueara un recetario especial y hacer una copia para la agencia estatal que rastreaba los patrones de prescripción.

Los reguladores (con razón) se preocupaban de que repartir narcóticos llevara a la adicción. Como resultado, algunos pacientes necesitados de alivio probablemente se quedaron sin él.

Después que los médicos del dolor y los fabricantes de opioides hicieran campaña para un uso más amplio de estas drogas — alegando que las formas más nuevas no eran adictivas, o mucho menos que las formulaciones anteriores — recetar los medicamentos se volvió mucho más fácil y se promovieron para todo tipo de dolor, ya sea una artritis de rodilla o problemas de espalda.

Como joven médica que se unía a la “revolución del dolor”, probablemente les pregunté a los pacientes miles de veces que calificaran su dolor en una escala de cero a 10 y escribí muchas recetas cada semana para medicamentos para el dolor, ya que monitorear “el quinto signo vital” se volvió rápidamente rutinario en el sistema médico.

Con el tiempo, la medición del dolor de cero a 10 se convirtió en caja necesaria para llenar en los registros médicos electrónicos. La Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations hizo que evaluar el dolor regularmente fuera un requisito previo para que los centros médicos recibieran dólares federales de atención médica.

Los grupos médicos agregaron el tratamiento del dolor a su lista de derechos de los pacientes, y la satisfacción con el tratamiento del dolor se convirtió en un componente de las encuestas de pacientes posteriores a la cita médica. (Una mala calificación podría significar un menor reembolso por parte de algunos aseguradoras).

Pero este enfoque para la gestión del dolor tenía claros inconvenientes. Estudios revelaban que medir el dolor de los pacientes no resultaba en un mejor control del dolor. Los médicos mostraban poco interés en, o no sabían cómo responder a la respuesta registrada. Y que los pacientes estuvieran satisfechos con discutir su dolor con el médico no significaba necesariamente que recibieran un tratamiento adecuado.

Al mismo tiempo, los medicamentos estaban alimentando la creciente epidemia de opioides. La investigación mostró que se estimaba que entre el 3% y el 19% de las personas que recibían una receta de medicamentos para el dolor desarrollaban una adicción.

Sin embargo, los médicos que querían tratar el dolor tenían pocas otras opciones. “Teníamos un buen sentido de que estos medicamentos no eran la única forma de manejar el dolor”, me dijo Linda Porter, directora de la Oficina de Políticas y Planificación del Dolor de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud. “Pero no teníamos una buena comprensión de la complejidad o las alternativas”.

El entusiasmo por los narcóticos dejó muchas variedades de dolor sin explorar y sin tratar durante años.

Solo en 2018, un año en que casi 50,000 estadounidenses murieron por una sobredosis, el Congreso comenzó a financiar un programa —la Red de Investigación Clínica de la Fase Temprana del Dolor, o EPPIC-Net— diseñado para explorar tipos de dolor y encontrar mejores soluciones. La red conecta especialistas en 12 centros clínicos académicos especializados y está destinada a iniciar nuevas investigaciones en este campo y encontrar soluciones a medida para diferentes tipos de dolor.

Una escala de cero a 10 puede tener sentido en ciertas situaciones, como cuando una enfermera la usa para ajustar la dosis de medicación para un paciente hospitalizado después de una cirugía o un accidente. Y los investigadores y especialistas en dolor han intentado crear mejores herramientas de calificación — docenas, de hecho, ninguna de las cuales fue adecuada para capturar la complejidad del dolor, concluyó un panel de expertos europeos.

Por ejemplo, la Administración de Salud de Veteranos creó una que tenía preguntas adicionales e indicaciones visuales: una calificación de 5 se correlacionaba con un ceño fruncido y un nivel de dolor que “interrumpe algunas actividades”. La encuesta tardaba mucho más y producía resultados que no eran mejores que el sistema de cero a 10.

Para la década de 2010, muchas organizaciones médicas, incluida la Asociación Médica Estadounidense y la Academia Estadounidense de Médicos de Familia, estaban rechazando no solo la escala de cero a 10, sino toda la noción de que un paciente podía informar su dolor de manera numérica y significativa.

En los años en que los opioides habían dominado los remedios para el dolor, algunos medicamentos — como la gabapentina y la pregabalina para la neuropatía, y los parches y cremas de lidocaína para los dolores musculoesqueléticos — estaban disponibles.

“Había una creciente conciencia de la increíble complejidad del dolor, y de que tendrías que encontrar los medicamentos adecuados para los pacientes adecuados”, me dijo Rebecca Hommer, directora interina de EPPIC-Net.

Los investigadores ahora están buscando biomarcadores asociados con diferentes tipos de dolor para que los estudios de medicamentos puedan usar medidas más objetivas para evaluar sus efectos. Una mejor comprensión de las vías neurales y los neurotransmisores que crean diferentes tipos de dolor también podría ayudar a los investigadores a diseñar medicamentos para interrumpirlos y domesticarlos.

Es poco probable que cualquier tratamiento que surja de esta investigación sea un éxito de taquilla como los opioides; por diseño, serán útiles para menos personas. Eso también los hace prospectos menos atractivos para las compañías farmacéuticas.

Así que EPPIC-Net está ayudando a pequeños laboratorios, académicos e incluso a médicos individuales a diseñar y realizar ensayos en etapa temprana para probar la seguridad y eficacia de moléculas prometedoras para aliviar el dolor.

Esa información se entregará a las farmacéuticas para ensayos en etapa tardía, todo con el objetivo de obtener nuevos medicamentos aprobados por la FDA más rápidamente. Los primeros ensayos de EPPIC-Net están comenzando. Encontrar mejores tratamientos no será una tarea fácil, porque el sistema nervioso es un universo en gran parte inexplorado de moléculas, células y conexiones eléctricas.

El Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2021 fue para los científicos que descubrieron los mecanismos que nos permiten sentir las sensaciones más básicas: el frío y el calor. En comparación, el dolor es una hidra, un monstruo de muchas cabezas. Un simple número puede parecer definitivo. Pero no ayuda a nadie a que el dolor desaparezca.

KFF Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF—an independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about KFF.

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1 year 4 months ago

Health Care Reform, Health Industry, Noticias En Español, Opioids

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STAT+: After months of warnings, FTC opens investigation into Teva over ‘improper’ patents

The Federal Trade Commission is formally investigating Teva Pharmaceuticals after the company refused to remove approximately two dozen patents for asthma and COPD inhalers from a key federal registry.

The agency sent a civil investigative demand requiring Teva to provide information related to the patents listed in the so-called Orange Book, which is maintained by the Food and Drug Administration. The move comes after the FTC late last year began warning Teva and several other companies that they should remove hundreds of “improperly or inaccurately” listed patents or face further action.

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1 year 4 months ago

Pharmalot, drug patents, Pharmaceuticals, STAT+

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